Depression From A Christian Perspective - 886 Words

Depression from a Christian Perspective The recent death of Robin Williams has thrown depression and suicide into the national spotlight. He seemed to have it all. He was loved by many, he was successful, he had a loving family. In spite of this, he took his own life. Here are some quick statistics about depression. http://www.healthline.com/health/depression/statistics-infographic Women tend to be more susceptible to depression. Sixty to eighty percent of depression cases can be treated. 121 Million people worldwide suffer from depression. Depression is a very hard thing to deal with, both for the victim and for families of the person suffering. The family may be tolerant, but may not understand. Friends may not understand why the person â€Å"just can t be happy.† Some may consider the victim to be lazy because he or she may not have the energy to do much. To add to this, many well meaning Christians may get involved telling the victim and the family that the problem is a lack of faith. These people may consider depression a spiritual issue and attempt to counsel the person that way. All of these people mean well, but they do not understand the problem. These people may try to help, but may simply make it worse. Depression is a delicate subject, but there is help and no one is alone. Depression is: A. An imbalance B. Can be temporary and based on specific situations C. Common Depression is not: A. A spiritual issue B. A simple case of being sad C.Show MoreRelatedThe Ethical Dilemma Of Euthanasia1085 Words   |  5 Pagesdomestic animals) in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy† (n.d.). This practice is also known as assisted suicide. In the paper I will discuss the ethical issues of euthanasia, why some may think it is the answer, as well as the Christian perspective on euthanasia. Ethical Dilemma The scenario that I chose was a 17-year-old girl, Joni, who wants to end her life using euthanasia. She fractured her vertebrae when diving at Chesapeake Bay, which left her a quadriplegic. She has since becomeRead MoreThe Lord, Plans For Welfare And Not For Evil1045 Words   |  5 PagesFor I know the plans I have for you, declares the LORD, plans for welfare and not for evil, to give you a future and a hope.† Jeremiah 29:11 From a Christian perspective, the scripture above could possibly console an individual during constant battles with a mental illnesses like depression. It suggests that there is a deity that has predetermined your life’s path and that the battles you will face in life will eventually be triumphed over. In turn it provides the reader with a sense of hope andRead MorePsychology and Theology1531 Words   |  7 Pages4-MAT Review: Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling Freda Taylor Liberty University 4-MAT Review: Psychology, Theology and Spirituality in Christian Counseling McMinn, M. (1996). Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling. Carol Stream, IL: Tyndale House Publishers, Inc. ISBN: 0-8423-5252-X). Summary The Psychology, Theology, and Spirituality in Christian Counseling is the thought provoking book of McMinn which was published inRead MorePersepolis : A Revolutionary Book Revolutionize The Christian Perspective1265 Words   |  6 PagesPersepolis: A Revolutionary Book to Revolutionize the Christian Perspective Marjane Satrapi’s graphic novel, Persepolis, is a spellbinding read. From start to finish, the story grips the reader with its thought provoking content and touching storyline. The author’s depiction of war torn Iran provides its audience with a better understanding of a people that many Western communities deem as ungodly and dangerous. By reading Satrapi’s work, it becomes clear that the Iranian people are much less one-dimensionalRead MoreCounseling And Christian Perspective On Counseling1318 Words   |  6 PagesCounseling and Christian Perspective Studying psychology and philosophy has made me ask many questions. By what principles do people make decisions? What drives us? Where do emotions come from? Are there such things as unconscious motives and thoughts or are those ideas nothing more than the clever and profitable figment of psychologists’ imagination? However, the main question I struggled with is who we are and how we operate? Counseling is seen as a very solution focused approach. The temptationRead MoreDifferences Between Yoruba, Hinduism ( Karma ) And Buddhism1590 Words   |  7 Pagesresponse to diverse faith within our healthcare practices. This essay serves to compare these three different religious philosophies: Yoruba, Hinduism (karma) and Buddhism, to a Christian’s perspective. These religions have wide perspectives but one will key in on health management and what to expect from healthcare point of view while caring for these patients. Yoruba religion is based on nature worshipping and is rooted deeply on respect for the environment. Their divinities is called Ã’rà ¬sà  ,Read MoreDifferent Religions : Yoruba, Hinduism ( Karma ) And Buddhism1711 Words   |  7 Pagesresponse to diverse faith within our healthcare practices. This essay serves to compare these three different religious philosophies: Yoruba, Hinduism (karma) and Buddhism, to a Christian’s perspective. These r eligions have wide perspectives but one will key in on health management and what to expect from healthcare point of view while caring for these patients. Yoruba religion is based on nature worshipping and is rooted deeply on respect for the environment. Their divinities is called Ã’rà ¬sà  ,Read MoreIn the Fault of Our Stars Essay638 Words   |  3 PagesInspiration â€Å"Whenever you read a cancer booklet or website or whatever, they always list depression among the side effects of cancer. But, in fact, depression is not a side effect of cancer. Depression is a side effect of dying† (Green 3). John Green implements many aspect of his experience at the Children’s hospital and his encounter with Esther Earl as a reflection of Hazel’s life through the book â€Å"The Fault in Our Stars.† John Green’s experience at the Children’s hospital changed his lifeRead MoreThe, Theological, And Cultural Perspectives On End Of Life Issues1179 Words   |  5 Pagesdetails need. There are times when families are able to successful plan for their death and afterlife. We have to learn to balance the spectrum for the quality and quantity of life. Next, we have to discuss the biblical, theological, and cultural perspectives on end of life issues. Then, we will view potential impact on afterlife outcomes. Also, we will discuss variables involved in potential life trajectories. Finally, we will discuss challenges of integrated personal preferences and public policyRead MoreEastern Religion Philosophy of Care1740 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction The Christian philosophy of care involves the act of charity, the virtue of looking after someone or something outside of ones self. Jesus Christ essentially divided the Mosaic law into two parts, the first concerning mans duty towards God, and the second concerning mans duty towards his fellow man. In a sense, Christ intimated that we are all our brothers keeper. Eastern religions have a different philosophy of care, however. Their spiritual perspective on healing is derived from their spiritual

Developing Product Knowledge Of The Coffee Shop Essay

Develop product knowledge Introduction For companies that want to discuss in the coffee shop, in located name is Bangkok cafe in Mansfield vic. This cafe has been open for a period of two year, this coffee shop serves coffee with food and drink. Time is open from 6 am-4pm Closed on Saturday and sunday for the shop s products are made in the store. Whole grain bread and roasted coffee to product quality control and recreate it. In the winter it is best to sell because this located way through to snow for tourists. Part A: Acquire knowledge of products in a specified area: 1. According to the above case study or your selected industry and workplace, identify at least SIX (6) key information sources that can assist you to identify selected products or services. Write down the each of these reference sources and summarise the information that these references can provide to assist you developing the knowledge of selected products or services. In providing your responses, you should also provide a brief analysis of how reliable and valid of these identified information sources. (Students please note that these information sources can be EITHER from online or books/magazines) Information sources of selected industry and workplace Summary of the information sources How reliable and valid of these identified information sources 1. https://www.theurbanlist.com/melbourne/a-list/best-coffee-melbourne Melbourne’s Best Coffee Capital Coffee Australia s content is not known,Show MoreRelatedDeveloping Product Knowledge Of The Coffee Shop1273 Words   |  6 PagesDevelop product knowledge Introduction For companies that want to discuss in the coffee shop, in located name is Bangkok cafe in Mansfield Vic. This cafe has been open for a period of two year; this coffee shop serves coffee with food and drink. Time is open from 6 am-4pm Closed on Saturday and Sunday for the shop s products is made in the store. Whole grain bread and roasted coffee to product quality control and recreate it. In the winter it is best to sell because this located way through toRead MoreIntroduction Cafà ©, Coffeehouse, And Coffee Shop Are All1584 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Cafà ©, coffeehouse, and coffee shop are all terms for an establishment that primarily serves coffee and other hot beverages. As the name suggests, a cafà ©/coffeehouse/ coffee shop focuses on providing coffee and tea in addition to light snacks. The original coffeehouse was first established in Italy in 1645. Then, in 1652, the coffee-shop trend spread into England and further abroad (Pongsiri, 2013). The coffee shop has become a necessity and habit in modern society. It is frequented byRead MoreTaking a Look at Starbucks Coffee891 Words   |  4 PagesStarbucks coffee is a well-known around100 years ago. in the 1970s , three Americans to turn it into a coffee shop signs to promote the spirit of America`s coffee, and since then, Starbucks coffee growing to recently the worldwide fascinating companries. Starb ucks coffee using a unique way to make coffee, refresh resources, high quality coffee beans,environmental products and the different foods provided. As it able to keep a long-lasting, high value-added brands, strong culture backgroud, thoseRead MoreThe Coffee Majors And By Starbucks920 Words   |  4 PagesDescribe the strategies employed by the coffee majors and by Starbucks. Describe main differences in their assumptions, mission, product/market scope, and sources of differentiation. The major companies that shared 60% of the coffee marketplace such as Maxwell House (owned by General Fords), Folgers (owned by Procter Gamble), and Nescafe (owned by Nestle) used different strategies than Starbucks. The majors approached the coffee marketplace by providing products made from cheap Robusta beans that wereRead MoreGloria Jean s Coffee : Case Study1694 Words   |  7 PagesJean’s Coffee 1 Gloria Jean’s Coffee Alex Golab Marketing 2210-006 Professor David Lewis 10 May 2017 Gloria Jean’s Coffee 2 Gloria Jean Kvetko founded Gloria Jean’s Coffees in 1979 in the city of Chicago. Gloria Jean’s Coffee is an Australian based coffee company that delivers their products and services internationally. Gloria Jean’s coffee is a subsidiary of Keurig Green Mountain. The company serves and sells espresso coffee drinks, fine whole bean coffees, specialty teas, cool drinks, coffee accessoriesRead MoreDoes the External Environment Determine the Success or Failure of an Organization?1428 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognized company selling coffee and food. In 1980s, Starbucks maximized market in coffee and has become the leading seller in North America. In 1971, it started running business in Seattle and grown from 55 stores in 1989 to now 2200 today. According to Schultz (1997), Starbucks founders learned to darkly roast Arabica beans from Alfred Peet introducing this technique to the U.S. It also provided a relaxing, attractive social atmosphere and offered high-quality Products and created a great workingRead MoreDoes the External Environment Determine the Success or Failure of an Organization?1418 Words   |  6 Pagesrecognized company selling coffee and food. In 1980s, Starbucks maximized market in coffee and has become the leading seller in North America. In 1971, it started running business in Seattle and grown from 55 stores in 1989 to now 2200 toda y. According to Schultz (1997), Starbucks founders learned to darkly roast Arabica beans from Alfred Peet introducing this technique to the U.S. It also provided a relaxing, attractive social atmosphere and offered high-quality Products and created a great workingRead MoreStaffing Organizations1563 Words   |  7 PagesCoffee Shop Staffing Organizations - Part One 1. Identify the type of employment relationship you would establish between the coffee shop and its Employees, from a legal perspective. Explain your reasoning. In order to determine, from the legal perspective the type of relationship that needs to be establish between the business and its newly hired employees, it is imperative to understand what the definition and the significance of the term â€Å"Employee Relations.† The term â€Å"Employee Relations†Read MoreA Short Summary : How Managers Must Lead Change728 Words   |  3 Pagesby directly contacting unhappy customers. After this first step is established we move on to creating the guiding coalition. For this step it requires a team of leaders in power to take the information the company has too grow. The third step is developing a vision and strategy, this step is about communication with the employees. The managers are communication how the transition will occur, the change and how it will affect them. The fourth step is communicating the change vision, this step is makingRead MoreStarbucks Case.876 Words   |  4 Pagesmarkets. * Second, Starbucks shared fixed costs of developing this service in new markets. * Finally, this alliance was a way to bring together complementary skills and assets that neither could easily develop on its own. In fact, Starbucks gives away it valuable technological knowhow to the foreign country so that it can follow the Starbucks success formula and the host country can give to Starbucks some advices and cultural knowledge in order to make the customers feel comfortable with the

Barry Hines Essay Example For Students

Barry Hines Essay Mr Sugden shouts at him for not having his kit, he doesnt understand that Billy and his family are poor and cant afford to buy his kit. From this Mr Sugden bounces a ball on Billys head Mr Sugden bounces the ball on Billys head This is all unnecessary but its the only way Mr Sugden can feel powerful which is a shame. I also believe that the reason he bullies the pupils is because hes insecure about himself and feels thats the only way he can feel good about himself. Mr Sugden treats Billy unfairly compared to the others Well get down then, before I come and make you red hot! And doesnt seem to listen to Billy or the others. Later on in the game a dog comes onto the pitch and Mr Sugden thinks that violence is the key to getting the dog off the pitch Go and fetch half a dozen cricket bats from the game store This shows that Mr Sugden doesnt have a high tolerance level and believes that that shouting and using violence will get him respect but it only creates a barrier between pupil and him as most children are too scared to disagree. I think thats why he treats Billy the way he does as he will answer Mr Sugden back but not in a cheeky manner You dont need cricket bats to do that, sir Mr sugden is very narrow minded and if some one has a different opinion to him then violence will change their mind. Mr Sugden is sarcastic towards Billy Whats the matter Casper are you scared of the ball Mr Sugdens need to humiliate Billy reminds me of Macdowell in the yard. Theres no real difference between the two. The main event that stuck in my mind was when Sugden made Billy take a cold shower because he missed saving a goal The cold water made Billy gasp he also had three boys to block the entrance so he couldnt escape Hey up, shift let me out, you rotten dogs! Mr Sugden took away any dignity that Billy may have had when he did this; the whole class was laughing at him. I believe that this scene would have made the audience want to go and grab Billy out of the shower and put Mr Sugden in it. The boys who are blocking the entrance begin to think they should let him out, however Mr Sugden disagrees Can we let him out now, sir? Hell get pneumonia I though the imagery of the shower scene was very dramatic and showed just how far Mr Sugden would go. This scene really moved me and I felt sorry for Billy in having to be put through that experience. The scene with the youth employment reminded me how much his mother didnt care for him or his future as there was a boy sitting next to him with his mother who was nagging him about his tie An straighten you tie. The boy wished his mother would stop nagging I wish youd stop nagging Whereas Billy would appreciate it if his mother gave the time to nag him because to Billy it would show him that his mother cared. The first thing the employment officer said to Billy was Well come in, lad, if your coming, I havent got all day. This doesnt set a good impression or any mutual respect between Billy and the officer. Billy expresses an interest in working in an office Id be all right working in an office, wouldnt I? Ive a job to read and write Then at the end of the meeting the officer hands him a leaflet to read which shows that he wasnt paying attention to Billy and didnt really care. Billys skills go unrecognised. Overall there were similarities between Billys home life and school life as they were both just as hard and he was mis-judged. However there was one main difference, which was someone, did care about Billy at school, Mr Farthering, who gave him time and attention. .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .postImageUrl , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:hover , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:visited , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:active { border:0!important; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:active , .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4 .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2f2f9872c25fea5e3c64867d0da31ac4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The Advantages of Stupidity EssayThis helped Billys confidence and gave him a friend to confide in. Billy discovers a new passion in life when he finds Kes, a kestrel hawk. Billy identifies with her silent strength and she inspires in him the trust and love that nothing else can. Kes is the only thing in life that makes him want to exist in this cruel society that he has been bought up in. He relies on Kes as his escapism to get away from the world. Kes has become a close friend of Billys, His only friend, he confides in him about school and home Hes allus after me allus has been. Like that day last summer when I fetched you, he was after me than When talking to Kes its like the build up of emotions has burst and he lets out what he is feeling freely. This is unusual for Billy has he finds it hard to express what hes feeling. Even though Billy doesnt receive any love or affection he still knows how to give it to others which shows that his mother and brother havent ruined his emotional status completely. The writer was very descriptive when writing about Kes and Billy to show the reader how immersed he is with her The hawk flapped her wings and fanned her tail, her claws still gripping the glove. Throughout the story Billy only seems happy when hes with his bird. Kes is his only enjoyment in life, his only luxury. It seems that when hes with Kes to him its like living in rich mans world for once. He feels safe and secure. In a sense I feel that the bird is seen as an image of Billys dad because when Billy found out that Kes was dead he had flashbacks of his dad. It infers that losing Kes was like the loss he felt when his dad was no longer around Where are you goin dad? The writer compares the loss of the bird and Billys dad in detail and uses flashbacks to show the reader the comparison between the two. The language Hines uses creates a more realistic image of Billy and his life. He uses slang shit to make it more personalised and to make the reader feel as though they are theyre with Billy through the story. Hines uses detail when writing about Billys more happily times like when he is with Kes and when he refers to his dad and the tall story. Hines uses a Yorkshire accent to make it more real tday, which helps create a more defined image of the characters. The whole novel is based on just one day in Billys life Hines does this by using flashbacks to show in depth what the characters are like so that the reader has a better understanding of what the characters personalities really like. Hines uses short sentence to create effect and emphasise the normality of Billys daily routine Billy left the shop. Therefore I conclude that living in poverty does have an effect on peoples attitudes and how they respond to others, the harshness of their lives portray in their behaviour to others. This book really shows how much teaching has changed, I believe for the better, since the 1960s. As in the school life we see in this book the teachers enjoy the power and humiliating the children, whereas nowadays most teachers aim in their career is to make a difference and to help as much as they can. I believe that Hines shows how harsh and cold life can be and can make us more fortunate people appreciate life more and not take food and peoples kindness for granted.

Unemployment In Europe Its Impact In The Future Of Europe Essays

Unemployment in Europe: Its Impact in the Future of Europe Unemployment is currently one of the biggest challenges facing the European Union. The fight against unemployment is an essential question that the European Union has to encounter in the short term. Today's unemployment problem represents the most significant worry of the European Union citizen. Unemployment is the greatest disturbance of the European economy. Approximately 18 million of its people are out of work, an average unemployment rate of 10.6%. For instance, in France and Spain, the latest rates are 12.6% and 19.9% respectively. More women are unemployed than men. Youth unemployment is twice as high as the average. Almost 6 million people have been out of work for more than two years. Employment initiatives of the EU Because of the need to pursue solutions to the unemployment alarm, the European Commission called for a special employment summit of heads of state in late November. The European Commission wants to adopt lots of targets for the next five years. Under the form of "employment guidelines," it wants to increase the employment rate from 60% to 65%; create 12 million new jobs; cut the unemployment rate to 7%; raise the proportion of the unemployed who are offered training from the current EU average of 10% towards the average of the three best-performing member states -that is, above 25%; and reduce the number of people who drop out of the education system by half within a period of five years. The commission wants to switch some of the $221 billion spent every year on unemployment benefits to active labor-market policies; cutting the overhead and tax costs of employing workers; and encouraging more adaptable forms of contract. Furthermore, the Commission is calling for a reversal of the long term trend towards higher taxes and charges on labor, which have increased from 35% in 1985 to more than 42% in 1995. The commission considers the possibility of increasing the growth of part-time work, which has been responsible for all of Europe's net job gains in the past six years and now accounts for 16% of the European Union's total employment. At the same time, the commission wants part-timer employees to enjoy the same security and benefits as full-time workers, a sure formula that has reduced the number of part-time jobs created. Regarding taxation, the commission recommends reducing taxes on labor, which have risen from an effective rate of 35% in 1981 to 42% today. Yet rather than just cutting the total tax burden, which Europe badly needs, it suggests offsetting such reductions with higher taxes on energy and capital that could well raise unemployment. Germany's unemployment trend compared to other EU members In 1989, the then West Germany's rate of unemployment was only 5.6 per cent. This was fractionally above the 5.2 per cent of the US. It was well below the European Union's average of 8.7 per cent, the UK's 7.2 per cent, the French 9.4 per cent, Italy's 10.9 per cent and Spain's 16.9 per cent. In 1996, Germany's unemployment rate was 9 percent. This was still below Italy's 12 per cent, France's 12.4 per cent and Spain's 22.2 per cent. But it contrasts unfavorably with the 5.4 per cent of the US and even with the 8.2 per cent of the UK. The German unemployment rate is recently at 11.2 per cent of the labor force. Western Germany jobless rate is 9.5% while in eastern Germany the rate is 18.2 per cent. Because of the difficulties of German unification, Germany's job performance seems to be appropriate. However a justification, although probable, does not change the truth that the country needs more jobs, but has failed to provide them. Following unification what Germany needed was a surge in labor-absorbing growth. Rather, what has happened, has been a decline in employment in both eastern and western Germany. Blame for the eastern failure lies with the decision to translate western labor practices into east Germany. For instance, pressure for wage equalization has pushed compensation per employee to some 70 per cent of western levels. Given low productivity, unit labor costs are 30 per cent higher in eastern manufacturing than in the west, making the east the most expensive location in the world. Common recommendations As the German president, Roman Herzog, said at the European Forum in Berlin, Europe has to break out of the cycle of sluggish economic growth and high unemployment by adopting policies that encourage entrepreneurial and technological dynamism. that

Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Example

Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Example Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Rhapsody on a Windy Night Essay Rhapsody on a Windy Night This modernist text reflects the conflicted emotions and perspectives regarding the war and its aftermath. The odd an almost non-sensual literature presented by T. S. Elliot is enhances by the detailed imagery he embodies. Corresponding with the modernist literature movement, Elliot manifests Surrealist notions of an unconscious, abstract and dream-like atmosphere within his poetry, utilising the subconscious mind as a medium. As Rhapsody on a Windy Night depict mainly the themes of isolation, hopelessness and lack or loss of affection without society, as does Rene Magritte’s Les profondeurs du plaisir, which translates directly into The Depths of Pleasure. The themes of isolation, hopelessness and insanity are heightened greatly through the use of imagery and allusions. As the opening of the poem originates at midnight ‘the gloomiest’ time of the night with the only source of light irradiating from the moon, the only things can be seen through the moonlight indicating the importance of the moon. In a traditional sense, the moon was seen to represent the womanly grace associated with physic, intuitive and mysteriousness yet also in a way presenting a dark nature welded in a realm between the conscious and the unconscious. The fragile wordings embody the compassionate feats of the feminine and motherly side of the moon as she tenderly ‘smooths the hair of the grass. ’ However there is a radical change in tone as ‘A washed-out smallpox cracks her face. As this line is ambiguous as to whether the persona was referring to the moon or a woman’s facial features or perhaps both. However in the artwork, a depiction of a crescent moon illuminates to a different notion of the beginning of a renewal cyclic change. The loss of affection throughout the poem is seen as a one of the most significant resulting in various forms of alienation. A prime example of such a theme can be seen through the image of the prostitute within the poetry. Although she may appear generally as a sexual predator attempting to lure degenerate men for their wealth, a surrealist interpretation may delve deeper into the latent and suppressed nature of the subconscious. The notion of the loss of affection is accentuated as the persona observes the woman with the ‘crooked pin’ eye. When observing a prostitute in a Surrealist circumstance it may initiate our sense of guilt and uncertainty or a sense of inadequacy of ‘prostituting’ our talents to the world. In this particular artwork, the woman characterized from Magritte’s Les profondeurs du plaisir, is seen exposing her bare self to the world in such a manner. As of this picture, the isolation of communication is fairly prominent as the woman stares out her window towards the waning moon residing in the horizon amongst the broad spectrum of water. Through her nudity, an almost certain assumption of her prostitution is almost inevitable. Her body physique in the artwork can be interpreted as stiff, perhaps in response from her supposed occupation accenting the theme of the deprivation of affection. Being deprived of such endearment causes alienation both personally and within a society. Elliots’ attempt to show such events can be witnessed as he describes the border of dress as torn and stained with sand. Overall. Elliot limits each viewer’s knowledge of the persona and his surrounding intending to materialise different emotional response from each in the layers of each subconscious mind.

How to Use the French Preposition Sans

How to Use the French Preposition Sans The French preposition  sans  means without, indicating a lack in general, an absence, privation or an exclusion.  It can be used with nouns, pronouns, and verbs, and it  appears in many French idiomatic expressions: to signify  without, to express a  condition and to use with an infinitive. Learn how to say homeless, otherwise, barefoot, and more with this partial list of expressions using  sans. There are many, many more. The word sans has also made its way into several English-language terms and expressions, such as  sans serif, describing a font without flourishes or serifs. To Indicate a Lack Il est parti sans moi.He left without me. Sans argent, cest difficile.Its hard without money. sans blagueseriously; all kidding aside; no kidding sans chaussuresbarefoot sans quoi  (informal)otherwise sans attendreright away sans aucun doutewithout a doubt sans additif  additive-free essence sans plomblead-free gasoline sans scrupulesunscrupulous To Say  What Didnt Happen Il est parti sans me parler.He left without saying anything to me.Elle est venue sans à ªtre invità ©e.She came uninvited (without being invited). To Express a Condition Sans mes amis, je serais triste.If it werent for my friends, Id be sad.Sans son assistance, nous ne pourrons pas finir le projet.We wont be able to finished the project without his help. When Used With an Infinitive sans savoirwithout knowing; without being aware   sans plus attendrewithout further ado comprendre sans comprendreto understand without fully understanding To Signify Without and  Translate as un____ Or ____less   un homme sans abrihomeless man sans coeurheartless une femme sans prà ©jugà ©sunbiased woman sans scrupulesunscrupulous

Internation Assignment Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Internation Assignment - Research Paper Example Therefore, international human resource has a major role in balance achievement for coordinating and controlling of foreign subsidiaries and adopt local environment while the domestic human resource is only concerned with the local level. International human resource has a responsibility of managing the complexities of employing people and operating from different cultures and countries as compared to domestic human resource. Thus, it is important to understand the differences that exist in managing employees in a foreign and domestic environment. In terms of the range of activities, international human resource addresses a range of activities as compared to domestic human resource (Rowley & Warner, 2007). Controlling cross-border operations of multinational enterprise MNE around its procedures, practices and processes is important. The main goal of human resource standardization is to enhance transparency, consistency as well as aligning the enterprise workforce around common similar objectives and principles. This is important in the attainment of local responsiveness with respect to the traditions, legislation and cultural values (McMahan, Bell, & Virick, 1998). The organization strategy and structure are a major factor that drives the standardization of human resource practice in an organization. Companies operate in a context of worldwide conditions of inter-organizational alliances and networks. The structure and strategy influence human resource practice as well as goals of MNEs. Thus, it is essential  for an enterprise  to be supported by a corresponding organizational structure. The cultural environment drives standardization of human resource practices. Appropriate human resource management practices are important in helping the supporting cohesion between different MNE units; thus, human resource practices ought to match with the local values and norms. Multinational enterprises that

Should the US have dropped the bomb on Hiroshima Essay

Should the US have dropped the bomb on Hiroshima - Essay Example After three days allied forces used another bomb which dropped on Nagasaki, which easily killed 37000 people and injured 43000 people who also consequently died in the following days1. The bombings were intense, and were soon followed by the surrender of Japan to USA on August 14, 1945. These bombings were the first in history and till date is the only time when nuclear power has been used in the whole world2. Japan and the Atomic bombings Japan was devastated after the bombarding of US on Nagasaki and Hiroshima, the after effects of which were seen through a number of years. Apart from heavy destruction, the bombs resulted in a lot of human loss, people suffered from Gamma radiation which caused instant deaths in just 2 seconds of the explosion, others died from burns as a result of the fires which were caused by the explosion along with mechanical injuries which were caused by the falling of debris resulting from the collapse of buildings. Many who did not die instantly after the e xplosion, suffered injuries from radiation and consequently died in the following days. ... The United States president, Truman provided a justification to the US citizens that the bombing was to save the lives of US citizens and to impress the Soviet Union from playing a role in the war and further making the war last many more days and even years. It was also argued that Japanese had demonstrated a very brave fanatical resistance in surrendering and so without the bombings it would have been nearly impossible for them to surrender. On an event of being asked that there should have been first a demonstration of the nuclear bomb over an unpopulated area to warn Japan and to force it to surrender, Truman said that it would have been a very risky decision to waste one bomb when there were only two available. Another justification in the favor of the bombings provided by the United States was that the two targeted cities, Hiroshima and Nagasaki, would have been destructed in any case with the use of fire bombs which were already being used in the war. Therefore, they justify t hat the use of the nuclear bombs did not cause more destruction than that from the fire bombings on Japan. The use of nuclear power has always been criticized, therefore, US states that they used the bombs also in order to fear people from the use of it in the future. Nagasaki and Hiroshima already had to be destroyed during the prevailing war and so the use of bombings also saved the life of US citizens, did not harm Japan more than the already predicted outcome of war and also prevented the future use of nuclear power by the rest of the World. The bombs use also ended the war quickly, which in any other scenario was not possible. In the result of the bombarding, the Soviet Union got intimidated by the US and USSR dropped the idea of demanding a joint

Causes of Great Depression Essay Example for Free

Causes of Great Depression Essay The economists and historians have not been able to reach an agreement regarding the causes of the depression. Most of them argue that the extensive stock market speculation was the major cause of depression. However they differ in the magnitude of effect of stock-market crash on the great depression. Milton Friedman says in this regard; I dont doubt for a moment that the collapse of the stock market in 1929 played a role in the initial recession (Parker, 49) Another economic historian Temin (1976) only attribute a minor role to the speculation and stock market crash as the cause of great depression. Other economists speculate that stock market crash set an impetus for great depression and was the primary cause of this economic devastation. For example, the research studies by Romer (1990) and Flacco and Parker (1992) provides verified and verifiable evidence that speculation and stock market collapse were the primary source of consumers uncertainty in the economic activity that finally led to great depression. As usual the period of depression was preceded by a long period of speculation. The prosperity of the 1920s has benefited only a small group of people who owned great businesses. These people made huge profits in the form of dividends. No doubt in these big businesses hundred and thousands of stockholders had also shares but their investments were purely of marginal nature. The major share in these concerns was in the hands of comparatively small number of people. It is estimated that in 1929 almost 78% of the dividends from the great industries, railroads, oil companies and other combines went to 0.3% population, headed by a handful of multi-millionaires. Gusmorino (1996) says in this regard; According to a study done by the Brookings Institute, in 1929 the top 0.1% of Americans had a combined income equal to the bottom 42%2. That same top 0.1% of Americans in 1929 controlled 34% of all savings, while 80% of Americans had no savings at all3. Automotive industry mogul Henry Ford provides a striking example of the unequal distribution of wealth between the rich and the middle-class. Henry Ford reported a personal income of $14 million4 in the same year that the average personal income was $750. As a result of speculation wave which swept the country during the years 1928-1929, the stock market reached new heights. This boom was caused by a large number of people speculating in shares of stock ‘on margin’. Under this system speculator deposited only as much money with their brokers as was sufficient to cover the probable range of fluctuations. Speculation in shares is resorted to because the price of the shares is rising and seems likely to rise. Tempted by the possibility of an easy fortune and wealth, in the late 1920s, people from different walks of life and professions freely indulged in stock speculation. For some time the prices of the shares showed a steady rise and reached an all time record in 1928-1929. Hall and Ferguson states that: The Federal Reserve began expressing concern in early 1928 and at that time began a policy of monetary restriction in an effort to stem the stock market advance. This policy continued through May 1929. The monetary restriction was carried out by selling $405 million in government securities and raising the discount rate in three stages from 3.5 percent to 5 percent at all Federal Reserve banks. But it was a late move as in October 1929, the stock market collapsed following Britain decision to raise the rate of interest to six and a half percent, with a view to attract back the capital that had been invested in United States. As a result many European holdings were thrown on the market and the prices of the shares began to sag. Once the process fell, the speculator started selling their stock-shares to avoid bigger losses. Once selling on larger scale started, this affected the confidence of the others who also fell in line. As a result of this stock market collapse, an unparalleled depression overtook United States. The prices started falling sharply, foreign trade declined, factories curtailed production, real-estate declined, new construction practically ceased, wages were cut and unemployment began to increase. Over-production of agricultural products is considered as another cause of great depression. As the farmers produced more wheat, cotton, corn and other cash crops than could be consumed, as a result there was sharp decline in the prices and purchase of farm products. This affected the purchasing power of the farmers, Furthermore, the farmers had assumed heavy mortgage during the prosperous times, which further curtailed their purchasing capacity. This inevitably cut down the market for the manufactured goods and prevented the factories from producing to their full capacity and stood in the ways of the workers getting employment. So it was cause and effect phenomenon. Over-production in the industrial sector also augmented the depression. In the years of boom which followed by World War I, the American manufacturers, encouraged and captivated by huge profits had made too many goods which could not be consumed by the home market. Ultimately these manufacturers were compelled to cut down the production which meant dismissing a number of workers. The unemployed workers had very little or no capacity to spend which meant further reduction in the production of goods. As the depression grew, this process continued. For sometime the production of these merchants was consumed by the domestic consumers due to system of installment buying. However, carried to extreme, this plan of installment buying was dangerous and completely dried up the future purchasing power and increased the load of private debts. The introduction of the labor-saving devices also led to greater production with less labor. As a result of introduction of the machines, a large number of men were thrown out of jobs and usually they failed to secure alternative jobs. This meant diminishing capacity of the labor to purchase. The Gold standard and money hoarding also contributed toward the increase of depression. Due to economic unrest caused initially by bathed stock market crash compelled the people to hoard large amounts of money. As America had a 100% gold standard at that time, so circulation of money became a major dilemma for the Federal Reserve Board. Money supply dropped radically. However Professor Richard Timberlake (2005) negates this preposition and holds that the gold standard could not held accountable for the Great Depression, because Federal Reserve Board was not pursuing a austere gold standard even earlier. As a result of the war, the economies of the European powers were badly shattered and they owed huge debts to United States. Most of these debtor nations made an effort to buy as little as possible and sell more to United States. For sometime the American investor kept the international trade machinery working by providing huge loans to the foreign powers. But once the borrowers reached a point where their capacity to repay ceased, the loans were stopped. This greatly affected the American trade. Gusmorino (1996) holds the view; A last major instability of the American economy had to do with large-scale international wealth distribution problems. While America was prospering in the 1920s, European nations were struggling to rebuild themselves after the damage of war. During World War I the U.S. government lent its European allies $7 billion, and then another $3.3 billion by 1920. By the Dawes Plan of 1924 the U.S. started lending to Axis Germany. American foreign lending continued in the 1920s climbing to $900 million in 1924, and $1.25 billion in 1927 and 1928. Further, the American government adopted huge tariffs (Fordney-McCumber Tariff 1922 and Hawley Smooth Tariff of 1930) which checked the inflow of European goods into United States. The European powers retaliated by erecting tariff barriers against American goods. As a result the American exports to overseas markets fell considerably. Randall Parker add another psychological dimension to these material and monetary causes of great depression. He analyzes that pessimistic expectation of the investors and the consumers also contributed greatly toward solidifying depression. He further says; †¦the behavior of expectations should also be added. As explained by James Tobin, there was another reason for a â€Å"change in the character of the contraction† in 1931. Although Friedman and Schwartz attribute this â€Å"change† to the bank panics that occurred, Tobin points out that change also took place because of the emergence of pessimistic expectations. If it was thought that the early stages of the Depression were symptomatic of a recession that was not different in kind from similar episodes in our economic history, and that recovery was a real possibility, the public need not have had pessimistic expectations. Instead the public may have anticipated things would get better. However, after the British left the gold standard, expectations changed in a very pessimistic way. The public may very well have believed that the business cycle downturn was not going to be reversed, but rather was going to get worse than it was. When households and business investors begin to make plans based on the economy getting worse instead of making plans based on anticipations of recovery, the depressing economic effects on consumption and investment of this switch in expectations are common knowledge in the modern macroeconomic literature. In addition to these above factors, certain other factors also operated either o cause the depression or to make it worse once it had come. These included (i) the increase in population rate was much less than the production rate, which reduced the consumers.; (ii) the disappearance of the western frontier, which meant that America could no lo9nger move in that direction during bad times and (iii) political unrest in Europe, Asia and South America, due to inter-governmental debts, also aggravated the great depression in United States. References Gusmorino, Paul A., III. `Main Causes of the Great Depression.` Gusmorino World (May 13, 1996). http://www.gusmorino.com/pag3/great_depression/index.html Flacco, Paul R. and Randall E. Parker. â€Å"Income Uncertainty and the Onset of the Great Depression.† Economic Inquiry 30, no. 1 (1992): 154-71. Hall, Thomas Ferguson, David. The Great Depression: an international disaster of perverse economic policies. Ann Arbor : University of Michigan Press, 1998. Kaiser, David E. Economic diplomacy and the origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939 (1980) Parker, Randall E. Reflections on the Great Depression. Northampton, MA, USA : Edward Elgar. 2002. Parker, Randall E. An Overview of the Great Depression. Economic History Association. http://eh.net/encyclopedia/article/parker.depression Temin, Peter. Did Monetary Forces Cause the Great Depression? New York: W.W. Norton, 1976. Timberlake, Richard. Gold Standards And the Real Bills Doctrine in U.S. Monetary Policy. Economic Journal Watch. VOL.2. No. 2. (August 2005). 196-233.

Narration and Perspective in Pramoedyas Inem Essay -- Asia Narrative

Narration and Perspective in Pramoedya's Inem Tradition represents an integral component of one's cultural identity, and this is especially so in this rapidly changing world which we live in, where the boundaries between different cultures are increasingly being blurred and distorted by the process of globalisation. While traditions do define the beliefs, practices and collective experiences of a people, the continued existence of certain socio-cultural institutions in which discriminatory and repressive measures still persist cannot be condoned. It is this very dimension that Pramoedya addresses in his short story, "Inem": The narrator's reminiscences of his childhood perform a serious social commentary and incisive social critique of various repressive traditional institutions in Indonesian society, such as the practice of child-brides (i.e. the forced socialisation of children), as well as the intransigent nature of prevailing patriarchal attitudes towards women and subsequent treatment they receive in the author's socio-cult ural milieu. The story achieves, albeit subtly, a powerful condemnation of these facets, which is presented artfully through a duality in the narration - a child's naà ¯ve perspective and circumscribed knowledge to describe the course of events as they happened, alongside the mature, retrospective voice, which also provides a highly mimetic depiction of life in this society. It might be pertinent and helpful here to first discuss the structure of the narrative itself, for there are several elements in the sequencing of the discourse that contribute in no small way to the overall effect of the narration/narrator. The narrative begins in media res (beginning in the midst of the action at a crucial junct... ...d in the narration. This is ultimately left to the sub-text, of what is left unsaid. It is quite clear where the author stands on the issues the short story raises, and through the naà ¯vetà © in the children's perspective presented in the narrator's recollections, an intense and vivid resemblance to reality in this very retrospection, and the narrative sequencing that remorselessly directs the story towards the concluding tragedy - a powerful and scathing, if not sober, social critique on the nature of tradition, adhering to correct social behaviour and resistance to change is shaped and conveyed. Bibliography Chatman, Seymour. "Narration: Narrator and Narratee". Reading Narrative Fiction. New York: Macmillan, 1993. 90-97. Pramoedya Ananta Toer. "Inem". Contemporary Literature of Asia. Arthur Biddle et al (ed.) Blair: Upper Saddle River, NJ, 1996. 139-148.

Greek Philosopher Plato

Plato is one of the popular and widely read philosophers in the world. His thoughts have greatly influenced the western political mindset and discourse. Born in Athens around 427 BCE Plato accomplished a lot by writing a different treatise that shaped the world's political thoughts before his death around 347 BCE. He was a student to a great philosopher, Socrates and a teacher to a famous philosopher scholar Aristotle, who also taught Alexander the great. He was greatly influenced by his teacher, Socrates who always remains the profound character in his works. In other words, his thoughts are greatly influenced by Socrates while on the other hand, he also influences Aristotle. His thoughts are significant historically and intellectually in the western political and social infrastructure.One of the popular works of Plato is the Republic. It is popularly known as the Socratic dialogue, which Plato sought to address the issues of justice. Plato was more infuriated with the way Socrates was treated before the authority. On the same pedestal, Plato is concerned about justice and the city-state. His main investigation is whether the just man is happier than the unjust in Athens. In his argument, Plato proposes a state of the philosopher kings. He asks the society to promote education among young boys and girls so that leading them becomes easier. In other words, Plato only trusts educated leaders. He is very uncomfortable with uneducated leaders since they would not be in a position to handle the intricacies of leadership. He identifies different sets of â€Å"constitutions that promote injustice in the society, which include democracy, oligarchy, timocracy, and tyranny.† Among the four, Socrates through Plato argues that tyranny is the worst regime. Tyrants are harsher and know no language of diplomacy, but rely on wrath to instill fear in order to rule. His classical thoughts until influences political decisions in the contemporary society, not only in the west but in other parts of the world as well.From the Republic, readers are exposed to some of the social injustices fuelled by poor leadership. Plato makes it apparent that justice has been frequently used as an instrument to lure people to follow certain leaders while on the other hand, they are duped and manipulated. He relates justice as it is communicated to the person led to a bull that is well fed, not for its welfare, but for the benefit of the owner. It is blinded to believe that the good care is meant to take care of its welfare. However, the truth of the matter is that the owner gives it good feeding in readiness for slaughter. The owner wants it to be fat so that it can produce a greater amount of meat. From this standpoint, it means that the feeding is nothing meant to benefit the bull, but for the grander interest of the owner who intends to slaughter it. The same way, when people believe in justice as pronounced by their leaders, they sell themselves cheap for manipulation and tyranny. Plato is against justice that accused and executed Socrates falsely. Through his thoughts, the world has been on the lookout to shun bad leadership and dictators of history. Therefore, his arguments have been promoted in different spheres of life to promote virtue and ethics among the people living together.

Environmental Scan Paper Essay

A business environment is made up of both internal and external factors. The environment of a business must be scanned to be able to determine what factors the company can use to determine the development and forecasts that will help in the success of the business. The definition of Environmental Scanning, as per managementstudyguide.com, is the â€Å"possession and utilization of information about occasions, patterns, trends, and relationships within an organization’s internal and external environment†. Scanning is used to identify the threats and opportunities that exist in the business environment. Some of the internal environment factors that a company must observe include; employee interaction with each other, with management, manager interaction with other managers, and manager interaction with shareholders, brand awareness, organizational structure and the main staff (managementstudyguide.com, 2012). The company may use other resources to gain this information as in group discussions, surveys and interviews. This information than may be used to identify the strengths and weaknesses of the company. External environment plays an important role as a company starts to become more competitive and changes start to occur. As these changes start to occur, it becomes essential for the company to identify what their competitors are doing. These changes may also affect the internal environment, so it is important that the company update its core competencies as per the external environment. Because external environments are always changing, the company should be ready at all times to be able to accept and adjust to the environmental changes. External monitoring could include the original forecasts of raw materials, which may affect the credibility of the original source. This will force the company to be more focused on scanning, forecasting and analysis to create a more trustworthy prediction and the input costs (managementstudyguide.com, 2012). The external environment scan should include three areas; immediate/industry environment, national environment, and the broader socio-economic environment/macro-environment. Companies The two companies that will be used in this paper will be Apple and Target. Both of these companies have survived a tough economy over the years by having to adjust to many external and internal environmental factors. Apple, as most of us know, is a successful producer of computer hardware and software. Target, is one of the largest retail companies, right behind Wal-Mart, in the U.S. The environmental scan is used to evaluate the threats, opportunities, strengths and weakness of both Apple and Target. This will help identify external and internal areas that may need help and the areas that have been successful. Strengths There are many strengths that have made Apple a success. Apple is known to offer superior products such as the iPhone, iPad, iPod and many others. They control both the manufacturing of its products as well as its operating system (http://www.slideshare.net/edbiy/swot-analysis-for-apple, 2012). Apple also produces its own internal components for the core of their products. They also set a high standard for the quality of their products to make sure that the customer is extremely satisfied. Apple is always evolving and creating new and updated products. Apple has a very loyal customer base that will buy the new and updated product regardless of what it costs. The company stock is also the highest in their personal history. Target is a monster of a company as well. As of 2011, the diversification of its store chain was at 1,750 stores. The stores are big; anywhere between 95,000 to 135,000 square feet is size. As of 2011, Target has a presence in all states except Vermont. Due to the competition with Wal-Mart to keep their product prices low, Target has seen increases in revenue year after year, with their 2011 revenue equaling $67 billion. Target has adapted to their specific demographic locations and offer three different types of stores; Target Green Lands, Super Target, and their urban stores. And most important, Target offers a wide variety of goods; clothing, electronics, beauty, and home furnishings to just name a few. Weaknesses As being the leader in the electronic industry, Apple is faced with having to ensure their product is consistent and quality is number one. Not all of Apple’s products are without flaws. With their competitors making similar devices, Apple must continue to invest in research and development, to make sure any flaws don’t hamper future success. With Apple being a financial stable company, any lack of debt could be seen as a weakness for their infrastructure as it may pose a risk for stock acquisition by other companies (http://www.slideshare.net/edbiy/swot-analysis-for-apple, 2012). As for Target, their lack of an internal presence is a weakness. Though their products are considered low cost, the quality of their product is better than Wal-Mart, which makes Target’s products a higher price than their competitor. Employee wages have also been considered low, forcing some employees to look for work elsewhere. Threats With Apple products saturating the market, Microsoft has still be able to hold a consistent share of the market as well. Within the industry, there are many competitors that appeal to the economic conscience. Companies such as HP and Dell are offering low-budget computers that are appealing to customers that cannot afford the Apple product. Apple must be able to produce their products and set a financial standard so they do not lose out on a certain market of people. Target has their threats as well. Kmart and Wal-Mart both offer similar products but at a lower cost. With today’s economy, customers may sacrifice the quality of a product to get a lower price. Target may have to restructure their product base to keep from losing out to the competition. Opportunity With Apple being a technological leader, they are known for their originality and innovative thinking. iLife is a new product that allows users to link up multiple programs through one central application. Apple has found a way to simplify a person’s â€Å"life†, by consolidating what that person needs into one little package. That is innovation at its finest. Apple will continue to develop new opportunities through innovation and breaking new ground in different markets. Target introduced that the company will expand into Canada, this being the first step into the international market. The company will focus on reducing operational cost and increasing their revenue ratio. Target will continue to push the private labled products to customers, to focus on low cost products. These companies are creating value by offering a product that is made up of tangible and intangible attributes that the customer values. These companies are able to obtain money for the costs which then generates benefits that it values. Apple and Target create products that offer many solutions for their customer. This creates a competitive advantage for these companies. Creative advantage is the â€Å"advantage that a company has over its competitors, allowing it to generate greater sales or margins and/or retains more customers than its competition† (Investopedia.com, 2012). Both companies have shown that they offer a product that has been superior to their competition, which in turn has generated greater sales for these companies. The mission statement of a company is a way to evaluate how a company may measure their effectiveness. Apple states, â€Å"Apple computer is committed to protecting the environment, health and safety of our employees, customers and the global communities where we operate. We recognize that by integrating sound environmental, health and safety management practices into all aspects of our business, we can offer technologically innovative products and services while conserving and enhancing resources for future generations. Apple strives for continuous improvement in our environmental, health and safety management systems and in the environmental quality of our products, processes and services†. Target states, â€Å"Our mission is to make Target your preferred shopping destination in all channels by delivering outstanding value, continuous innovation and exceptional guest experiences by consistently fulfilling our Expect More. Pay Less. ® brand promise†. Both Apple and Target have shown continued success, both following their mission to create a better experience for their customers. References Answers, W. (2012). Answers. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from WikiAnswers.com: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_is_the_mission_statement_of_apple_inc Investopedia. (2012). Competitive Advantage. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from Investopedia.com: http://www.investopedia.com/terms/c/competitive_advantage.asp#axzz28k4ujJ6x Managementstudyguide.com. (2008-2012). Environmental Scanning-Internal & External Analysis of Environment. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from Managementstudyguide.com: http://www.managementstudyguide.com/environmental-scanning.htm Mixx, M. (2012). Targer SWOT Analysis. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from MarketMixx.com: http://marketingmixx.com/marketing-basics/swot-analysis-marketing-basics/177-target-corporation-swot-analysis.html Target Brands, I. (2012). Mission & Values. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from Target.com: http://corporate.target.com/about/mission-values Unknown. (2012). Slideshare.net. Retrieved October 08, 2012, from SWOT Analysis for Apple: http://www.slideshare.net/edbiy/swot-analysis-for-apple

How to Study Better in High School 16 Expert Tips

How to Study Better in High School 16 Expert Tips SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips Studying is about finding a right balance between concentration, understanding, retention, and rest. And, just like any task that taxes your energy- be it physical or mental- it is often just as difficult to get started as it is to engage in the task itself. But don't despair! Whether you need to study for just one test, or want to learn how to study over the long haul and retain a whole term's worth of information, we've got you covered. We’ll explain exactly how to study better, helping you revamp both your daily and long-termstudy habits and giving you the best study tips for managing your timeand keeping your focus as you actually study. And, once you've mastered thesestudy techniques, we’ll also show you how to prepare yourself for test day so you can do your very best when the chips are down.So let’s get to it! Building Good StudyHabits Again, exerting both mental energy andphysical energy is difficult and many find it tough to keep upover the long term. But a proper approach will helpease the way and keep your studying strong for years to come. To laya healthy study foundation and avoid last minute cramming and undue stress, it's necessary to build (and maintain!) a proper study habit. Just like with exercise, the task will become easier and more manageable the more you are able to get into a routine. And you'll be far less likely to lapse back into bad study habits once you've made studying an intractable part of your daily life. #1: Stick to a Set Schedule Your brain builds pathways and habits over time, and studying is about building thosemental muscles and endurance. Getting into a fixed habit of studying will help you improve your concentration and mental stamina over time. And, just like any other training, your ability to study only improves with time and dedicated effort. There are many activities that are good for us, but that we often- for whatever reason- dread doing. Whether this is exercising, doing chores, or studying, it’s a good idea to set yourself a schedule and stick to it no matter how you’re feeling at the moment.It’s easy to put off these activities for a thousand reasons: you’re busy doing something else, you’re tired, you have a headache, you’re not in the mood.†¦But the more you hold yourself to a set schedule, the more likely you’ll do what you need to do without having to make an endless litany of excuses. Aside from doing homework,set aside a dedicated 50 to 75 minutesto study each day and then stick to your schedule. You'll find the studyrhythmthat works best for you, but do know that you don't necessarily have to sit down and eek out those minutes all at once. You can decide to split the time into smaller segments throughout the day, or, if you work betterat completing tasks and moving on, you can choose to get your studying done all at once. One way to divide your after school study time into segments could be: 4:30 - 5:00 - arrive home, eat a snack, relax 5:00 - 5:30 - first study chunk 5:30 - 6:30 - break/homework/other task 6:30 - 6:45 -second study chunk 6:45 - 7:30 -dinner/assignments/other task 7:30 - 8:00 - final study chunk Or, if you'd rather spend your 50-75 study minutes all at once, then your schedule may look more like: 4:30 - 5:00 - arrive home, eat a snack, relax 5:00 - 6:15-study time 6:15 - rest of evening - dinner, break, homework, other tasks How you create your study schedule is up to you, just so long as you stick to itonce you've made it and don'tdeviate. #2: Schedule Your Studying in SmallerIncrements Over a Long Period of Time By committing50 to 75minutes to studyevery day (and sticking to your schedule!), you'll avoid bothburning out your mental energy and being stuck crammingfor hours and hours at a time the night before a test. Not to say that cramming your material can't occasionally "work." Some people are absolutely able to cram for a test the night before and do well, but studying in this way will only store the information in your short-term memory, not your long-term.This means that, by cramming, you can struggle to stay apprised of the material as the semester progresses (especially in classes where previous information builds on later information, such as in science, math, or history classes). And the long term effect of forcing your brain to cramnecessary information at once will not only makestudying for finals particularly difficult- essentially forcing youto re-learn a semester’s worth of material, rather than being able to simply review it- but making a habit of cramming material at the last minute will only increase your stress and make you feel as though you have to constantly play â€Å"catch-up.† By sticking to a schedule of studying for a reasonable amount of timeover the entire semester or term, you'll be able to better store and recall the information you need, and thereby reduce some of the stress that comes from schoolwork, tests, and studying. Though it may seem rigidnow, a set study structure will make life easier in the long term. Setting the Right Study Environment A proper study schedule is essential, but so is creating the right study environment. Your environment can have a tremendous impact on your concentration and productivity, so figuring out aproper study space will ultimately benefit you and improve your study time. #3: Stick to the Same Study Spaces A stable environment for a particular activitycan help put you in the right mood and mind frameto complete the task at hand. The same applies for engaging in studying. It is helpful to have one or two dedicated locations for schoolwork- separate from any "free time" areas- that you use to study in each and every study session. Sometimes this may not be possible if you live in a small dwellingand don't have access to free public spaces like a library,but do the best you can to find a space you can use solelyfor studying and stick byit. Your studyspace will be individual to you, so don't worry about how other people work best. Some people concentrate their best when surrounded by others, like in a study group or a bustling coffee shop, while some people can only study if they're alone or in a completely silent location. Experiment with different environments and spaces until you find the one you seem to work in best and then stick to it as your dedicated "study zone." #4: Practice Good Study Hygiene Good study hygiene is about retaining a clear separation between work and rest.This allows you to focus on necessary tasks while minimizing stress and anxiety in the rest of your life. We've already talked about keeping a dedicated study space, but now we have tobe sure to keep those areas as "hygienic" as possible. How? By following a few key rules of setting up your study environment: Make Sure That You DON'T Study In or On Your Bed Studying in sleeping areas is the very definition of NOTmaintaininga clear separation between work and rest, and most often leads to increased levels of stress and insomnia. This, in turn, can decrease your concentration and ability to study in the long term. By blurring the lines between study-time and free-time, you'll only createspillover stress for yourself and be stuck in acyclical effect of non-productivity and anxiety. So keep your study location to a desk, a table, or even a couch, so long as you aren't anywhere on your bed. Keep Tantalizing Distractions Far Away It's easy to allow ourselvesto take "a quick break" tocheck our phones, get up and go hunting for a snack, or to let ourselves get caught up searching forirrelevant information on Wikipedia. There are untold distractions all around us that try to lure our concentration away from the task at hand, and giving into temptation can be an awful time suck.The best way to avoid distractionslike these is to remove temptation altogether. Make up a snack for yourself before you start studying so that you're not tempted to get up. Keep your phone far away, and turn off your wifi on your computer if you can. Tell yourself that you can't get up to check on whatever has you distracted until your allotted study time is up.Whatever has you distracted can wait until your study time is over. Keep Yourself Comfortable, Hydrated, and Fed Taking care of your body's basic needs will not onlyhelp toimprove your mood and concentration while you study, but it will also helpmake sure youavoid needing to get up (and therebylose your focus) during your study time. So make sure you takewater, a jacket, a snack, coffee, or whatever else you need to your study space so that you can be comfortable, focused, and ready to learn. VaryingYour Study Methods There are many different ways to study, and none is exclusively better than any other. In fact,diversifying your study techniques, andusing a mix of multiple different study methodswill help you learn and store your information better than simply sticking toone. Practicing different study methods and combining different techniques to prevent mental fatigue and keep your brain engaged. And we'll walk through some of the best study techniqueshere. #5: Rewrite or Rephrasethe Materialin Your Own Words It can be easy to get lost in a textbook and look back over a page, only to realize you don't remember what you just read. But luckily, that can be remedied. For classes that require you to read large bodies of text, such ashistory, English, or psychology, make sure tostop periodically as you read. Pause at the end of a paragraph or a section and- without looking!- think about what the text just stated. Re-summarize it in your own words. Now glance back over the material to make sure you summarized the information accurately and remembered the relevant details. Make a mental note of whatever you missed and then move on to the next section. You mayalso want to make a bulleted listof the pertinent information instead of just rephrasing it mentally or aloud. Without looking back down at the textbook, jot down the essentials of the material you just read. Then look over the book to make sure you haven't left out any necessary information. Whether you choose to simply summarizealoud or whether you write your information down, re-wording the text is an invaluable study tool. By rephrasing the text in your own words, you can be sure you're actuallyremembering the information and absorbing its meaning, rather than just rote copying theinfo without trulyunderstanding or retainingit. #6: Teach the Material to Someone Else Teaching someone else is a great way to distill your thoughts and summarize the information you've been studying. And,almost always, teaching someone elseshows you that you’ve learned more about the material than you think! Find a study-buddy, or a patient friend or relative, or even just a figurine or stuffed animal and explain the material to them as if they're hearing about it for the first time. Whether the person you're teaching is real or not, the act of teaching material aloud to another human being requires you to re-frame theinformation in new ways and think more carefully about how all the elements fit together. Andthe act of running through your material this way- especially if you do it aloud- helps you more easily lock it in your mind. #7: Quiz Yourself With Flashcards Making flashcards is an oft-usedstudy tooland for very good reason!Making your own flash cardscannot only help you retain information just through the sheer actof writing it down, but will also help you connect pertinent pieces of information together. So for any subjects in which you must remember theconnections between terms and information, such as formulas, vocabulary, equations, or historicaldates, flashcards are the way to go. To make the best use of your flashcards, use the Leitner Method, so that you don't waste your time studying what you already know. To employ this method, quiz yourself with your flashcards and separate the cards into two different piles. In Pile 1, place the cards you knew andanswered correctly, in Pile 2, place the cardsyou didn’t know the answers to. Now go back through the cards again, butonlystudying the cards from Pile 2 (the "didn't know" pile). Separate these again as you go through them into Pile 1 (know) and Pile 2 (don't know). Repeatthe process of only studying to "don't know" cardsuntil more and more cards can be added to the â€Å"know† pile. Once all the cards are in the â€Å"know† pile, go through the whole pile onceagain to make sure you’ve retained the information on all the cards. #8: Make Your Own Diagrams, Formula Sheets, and Charts Reconstituting information into pictures can help you see and understand the material in new and different ways.For math and science classes, you may want to make yourself a formula sheet in addition to making flashcards. Flashcards will help you to remember each formula in isolation, but making one catch-all formula sheet will give you a handy study reference tool. And making one will, again, help you to retain your information just through the process of writing it down. The bonus is thatif you're more of a visual/picture learner, a formula sheet canhelp you to remember your formulas by recallinghow they're situated with one another. To help you to remember your science processes, createyour own diagrams.For instance, for a biology class, draw your own cell and labelthe components or make your own Krebscycle diagram. These pictures willtypicallybein your textbooks, so examine the picture you're given andthen create your own diagram without looking at the textbook. See how much you've been able to accurately recreate and then do it again until it's perfect. Sometimes making your own charts and diagrams will mean recreating the ones in your textbookfrom memory, and sometimes it will mean putting different pieces of information together yourself. Whatever the diagram type and whatever the class, writing your information down and making pictures out of itwill help to lock the material in your mind. #9: Give Yourself Rewards To make studying a little more fun, give yourself a small reward whenever you hit a study milestone. For instance,let yourselfeat a piece of candy for every 25flash cards you test yourself on or for every three paragraphs you read (and re-word) in your textbook. Or perhapsgive yourself one extra minuteof video gameor television-watching time for every page you study from your book(to be redeemedonly after your study time is over, of course). Whatever your particular incentive is, letyourself havethatsmall reward-boost tohelp see you throughthe days whenstudying seems particularly taxing. You can even make yourself a Study Reward Diagram: studying input - candy reward - energy boost - more studying - more candy! Making the Most ofYour Study Time Whether you're studying for a particular test or studying to keep yourself apprised of the class material all throughout the term, you'll want to make the most of your allotted daily study time. After all, there's no use setting aside and committing to your 50-75 minutes a day to study if the time is ultimately unproductive. So make the best of each study session by following these study tipsfor concentration and memory retention. #10: Study New Material Within 24 Hours In order to maintain your knowledge of the class material throughout the term, make life easier on yourself by reviewing any new information you learn onthe same day you learned it. Reviewing new material within 24 hours will help you to retain much more of what you learned than if you were to review the same information at a later date. So make sure todedicate a portion of each study time to reviewing the information you learned thatsame day in your classes. School bombards you withnew material each and every day. And even if you’re interested in the new material as you’re learning it, it’s all too easy to let anything new slip away when you have so much else to think about. Butonce the information has been pushed to the back burnerof your mind, your brain will generally discard it rather than storing it into your long term memory. To combat this â€Å"curve of forgetting,† make a habit of taking notes in class and then reviewing the material that very same night.This will help lock the information into your long-term memory and serve you well in the future. Just a few minutes in the here and now will save you hours of having to relearn the material at a later date. #: Use the Pomodoro Technique to Retain Focus Everyone loses their concentration from time to time. But, luckily for us, there are time management techniques that can help keep up mentalenergy and productivity, such as the Pomodoro Technique. The Pomodoro Technique is a time management method for increased focus and concentration, which makes it ideal for tackling studying and homework. The principle behind the technique is to divvy up your focus and break times into set regimes so that your mind remains sharp and attuned tothe task at hand, without giving into fatigue or distraction. The method is to divide your focus time (â€Å"pomodoros†) into 25 minute blocks dedicated to a task. And every time you feel your focus drifting, write down what had you distracted,put it aside, and don't give into the temptation to lose focus. (For instance, if you feel compelled to look at your email or look up what year your favorite movie came out, mark down â€Å"check email† or â€Å"look up favorite movie† and then return to your original task.) This will allow you to acknowledge the distraction and return to it later without having it derail your study time now. After every 25 minute block of time is complete, give yourself a check mark and allow yourself a 5 minute break. (A good time to check thatemail!)Onceyou’ve reachedthe fourth check mark (100 minutes of focus and 15 minutes of break), take a 20 minute break. Then begin the cycle again. By balancing up your time and energy between designated periods of focus and rest, you’ll be able to tackle studying your topic at hand without mental fatigue and burnout (which can easily occur if you try to marathon your way through a study session) and without losing focus (which can happen if you find yourself taking a break that lasts...indefinitely). To help visualize this technique in action, let's look at it setout in an example schedule: 5:00 - 5:25 - first pomodoro 5:25 - 5:30 - short break 5:30 - 5:55 - second pomodoro 5:55: - 6:00 - short break 6:00 - 6:25 - third pomodoro 6:25 - 6:30 - short break 6:30 - 6:55 - fourth pomodoro 6:55 - 7:15 - long break #12: Know When to Move On There will always come a point in your studies where you need to simply put down the bookand move on.As always, life is about balance, and eventually you’ll start to see diminishing returns on your study efforts if you try to spend too much time on one particular topic/class/chapter. At some point, your time will be better spent studying for other classes, or engaging inan alternatetype of study task. Don't stopyour studying earlier than your scheduledtime, but turn your focus to a different study topic or switch your attentionfrom quizzing yourself with flashcards to making a diagram instead. It’s not always easy to see, but you’ll get better and better at realizing when you’ve hit this stopping point (and not the point five minutes into studying when you’re bored) and are no longer retaining focus or information. It may take time, but you'll get there. Your brain is capable of great things, but even it has its limits. And learninghow to maximize your time and energy will keep you from pushing those limits. Preparing for Test Day When you're preparingfor a test, the actual studying part is only half the battle. The other half comes from being well prepared to actually take the test and giving it your best possible effort. And these techniques will help you get there. #13: Get Enough Sleep The absolute, number one, most important way you can prepare yourself for a test is to sleep the night before. Getting a good night’s sleep before a test (and preferably every night) is absolutely paramount. Sleep increases focus and concentration. The effects of not sleeping are much like being under the influence of alcohol. No matter how well you know the material, taking a test sleep deprived will do you no favors. A regular sleep schedule is preferable and will do wonders for your overall health, happiness, concentration, and memory. But even if you can't sleep, just closing your eyes and relaxingwill help. So if you find yourself grappling withinsomnia, let yourself relax in the dark and in your bed instead of whittling away the hours some other way. #14: Pack Your Gear the Night Before the Test Whatever it is you need to have, make sure to pack it up the night before. This will help you relax and sleep and will insure you don't leave anything crucial behind in your morning rush out the door. So pack your pencils, your calculator, and scratch paper. Even lay out your clothes for the next day. Prepare whatever you need to so that you can reduce your stress and help you rest the night before your exam. #15: Eat Something Just like with sleeping, making sure to eatsomething the morning of atest will help you concentrate and focus throughout the day. Anything is better than nothing, but try to eat something that will keep you full and provide you with some protein and carbohydrates. Whole grains, fruit, and eggs are generally a good bet, but pretty much anything will do in a pinch so long as you get some calories in you (and so long as it isn't pure sugar and caffeine!). #16: Take a Walk Exercising, even just a little bit, will help boost your mood, energy, and concentration.If possible, take a walk or do some quick cardio exercises (such as jumping jacks) for ten to twenty minutes before an exam. Now you're ready to rock that test- go get it! ...And then take a nap when you're done. The Take-Aways: How to Study Better Being able to study and study well is a skill and a habit that's built like any other. It takes preparation, time, and diligence to see it through, but once the habit is established, it will simply becomea part of yourdaily routine. To maintain the proper balance of leisure and work (and, most importantly, avoid burnout and excessive stress), it’s best to stick to schedules and divvy up your time and energy over long periods of time. And remember to use that allottedtime wisely once you're in the middle of it. Of course an ideal scheduleisn’t always realistic and there will still be those days you have to cram for whatever reason. But incorporating healthier time management and study methods will benefit you in the long-term and serve you well not only in high school, but in college, in the workplace, and for whatever other task you set your mind to in the future. Just take it one step at a time and you'll be amazed at the final results. What's Next? Now that you've tackled how to study better, make sure you actually get that studying done by learninghow to overcome procrastination. Unsure about how your GPA ranks with your top school choices? Learn what GPA you need to get into the school you want and how much your GPA matters for college applications. Studying for the SAT or ACT? Check outsome of our expert guides, starting with how to get a perfect score. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA)

National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) The National American Woman Suffrage Association (NAWSA) was founded in 1890. Preceded by: National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) Succeeded by: League of Women Voters (1920) Key Figures Founding figures: Lucy Stone, Alice Stone Blackwell, Susan B. Anthony, Harriot Stanton Blatch, Rachel Foster, Elizabeth Cady StantonOther leaders: Carrie Chapman Catt, Anna Howard Shaw, Frances Willard, Mary Church Terrell, Jeannette Rankin, Lillie Devereux Blake, Laura Clay, Madeleine McDowell Breckinridge, Ida Husted Harper, Maud Wood Park, Alice Paul, Lucy Burns Key Characteristics Used both state-by-state organizing and push for a federal constitutional amendment, organized large suffrage parades, published many organizing and other brochures, pamphlets, and books, met annually in convention; less militant than the Congressional Union / National Womans Party Publication: The Womans Journal (which had been the publication of the AWSA) remained in publication until 1917; followed by the Woman Citizen About the National American Woman Suffrage Association In 1869, the woman suffrage movement in the United States had split into two main rival organizations, the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA). By the mid-1880s, it was apparent that the leadership of the movement involved in the split was aging. Neither side had succeeded in convincing either many states or the federal government to adopt womens suffrage. The Anthony Amendment extending the vote to women through constitutional amendment had been introduced into Congress in 1878; in 1887, the Senate took its first vote on the amendment and soundly defeated it. The Senate would not vote again on the amendment for another 25 years. Also in 1887, Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Matilda Joslyn Gage, Susan B. Anthony and others published a 3-volume History of Woman Suffrage, documenting that history mostly from the viewpoint of the AWSA but also including history from the NWSA. At the October 1887 convention of the AWSA, Lucy Stone proposed that the two organizations explore a merger. A group met in December, including women from both organizations: Lucy Stone, Susan B. Anthony, Alice Stone Blackwell (Lucy Stones daughter) and Rachel Foster. The next year, the NWSA organized a 40th-anniversary celebration of the Seneca Falls Womans Rights Convention and invited the AWSA to take part. Successful Merger The merger negotiations were successful, and in February 1890, the merged organization named the National American Woman Suffrage Association, held its first convention, in Washington, DC. Elected as the first president was Elizabeth Cady Stanton and as vice president Susan B. Anthony. Lucy Stone was elected as the chairman [sic] of the Executive Committee. Stantons election as president was largely symbolic, as she traveled to England to spend two years there right after being elected. Anthony served as de facto head of the organization. Gage's Alternative Organization Not all suffrage supporters joined the merger. Matilda Joslyn Gage founded the Womens National Liberal Union in 1890, as an organization that would work for womens rights beyond just the vote. She was president until she died in 1898. She edited the publication The Liberal Thinker between 1890 and 1898. NAWSA 1890 to 1912 Susan B. Anthony succeeded Elizabeth Cady Stanton as president in 1892, and Lucy Stone died in 1893. Between 1893 and 1896, womens suffrage became law in the new state of Wyoming (which had, in 1869, included it in its territorial law). Colorado, Utah, and Idaho amended their state constitutions to include womens suffrage. The publication of The Womans Bible by Elizabeth Cady Stanton, Matilda Joslyn Gage and 24 others in 1895 and 1898 led to a NAWSA decision to explicitly disavow any connection with that work. The NAWSA wanted to focus on womens vote, and the younger leadership thought criticism of religion would threaten their possibilities for success. Stanton was never invited to the stage at another NAWSA convention. Stantons position in the suffrage movement as a symbolic leader suffered from that point, and Anthonys role was stressed more after that. From 1896 to 1910, the NAWSA organized about 500 campaigns to get woman suffrage on state ballots as referenda. In the few cases where the issue actually got on to the ballot, it failed. In 1900, Carrie Chapman Catt succeeded Anthony as president of the NAWSA. In 1902, Stanton died, and in 1904, Catt was succeeded as president by Anna Howard Shaw. In 1906, Susan B. Anthony died, and the first generation of leadership was gone. From 1900 to 1904, the NAWSA focused on a Society Plan to recruit members who were well-educated and had political influence. In 1910, the NAWSA began to try to appeal more to women beyond the educated classes and moved to more public action. That same year, Washington State established statewide woman suffrage, followed in 1911 by California and in 1912 in Michigan, Kansas, Oregon, and Arizona. In 1912, the Bull Moose / Progressive Party platform supported woman suffrage. Also at about that time, many of the Southern suffragists began to work against the strategy of a federal amendment, fearing it would interfere with Southern limits on voting rights directed at African Americans. NAWSA and the Congressional Union In 1913, Lucy Burns and Alice Paul organized the Congressional Committee as an auxiliary within the NAWSA. Having seen more militant actions in England, Paul and Burns wanted to organize something more dramatic. The Congressional Committee within NAWSA organized a large suffrage parade in Washington, DC, held the day before Woodrow Wilsons inauguration. Five to eight thousand marched in the parade, with half a million onlookers―including many opponents who insulted, spit on and even attacked the marchers. Two hundred marchers were injured, and Army troops were called in when police would not stop the violence. Although black suffrage supporters were told to march at the back of the march, so as not to threaten support for woman suffrage among white Southern legislators, some of the black supporters including Mary Church Terrell circumvented that and joined the main march. Alice Pauls committee promoted actively the Anthony Amendment, re-introduced into Congress in April of 1913. Another large march was held in May of 1913 in New York. This time, about 10,000 marched, with men making up about 5 percent of the participants. Estimates range from 150,000 to half a million onlookers. More demonstrations, including an automobile procession, followed, and a speaking tour with Emmeline Pankhurst. By December, the more conservative national leadership had decided that the Congressional Committees actions were unacceptable. The December national convention expelled the Congressional Committee, which went on to form the Congressional Union and later became the National Womans Party. Carrie Chapman Catt had led the move to expel the Congressional Committee and its members; she was elected president again in 1915. The NAWSA in 1915 adopted its strategy, in contrast to the continued militancy of the Congressional Union: the Winning Plan. This strategy, proposed by Catt and adopted at the organizations Atlantic City convention, would use the states that had already given women the vote to push for a federal amendment. Thirty state legislatures petitioned Congress for womens suffrage. At the time of World War I, many women, including Carrie Chapman Catt, became involved in the Womans Peace Party, opposing that war. Others within the movement, including within NAWSA, supported the war effort or switched from peace work to war support when the United States entered the war. They worried that pacifism and war opposition would work against the suffrage movements momentum. Victory In 1918, the US House of Representatives passed the Anthony Amendment, but the Senate turned it down. With both wings of the suffrage movement continuing their pressure, President Woodrow Wilson was finally persuaded to support suffrage. In May of 1919, the House passed it again, and in June the Senate approved it. Then the ratification went to the states. On August 26, 1920, after the ratification by the Tennessee legislature, the Anthony Amendment became the 19th Amendment to the United States Constitution. After 1920 The NAWSA, now that woman suffrage had passed, reformed itself and became the League of Women Voters. Maud Wood Park was the first president. In 1923, the National Womans Party first proposed an Equal Rights Amendment to the constitution. The six-volume  History of Woman Suffrage  was completed in 1922 when  Ida Husted Harper  published the last two volumes covering 1900 to victory in 1920.

Transport and Inventory Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Transport and Inventory Management - Essay Example The fundamental concept of supply chain management (SCM) is one of the oldest concepts in the world of management. Almost 50 years ago, it was first introduced by Forrester (Mentzer, 2001). It has become one of the most popular and most widely researched concepts for the last ten years. According to Monezka and his colleagues the primary objective of supply chain management concept is â€Å"to integrate and manage the sourcing, flow and control of materials using a total systems perspective across multiple functions and multiple tiers of suppliers† (Mentzer, 2001). It is one of most important aspects in today’s business environment as it is a crucial component of overall value chain. This actually means supply chain is directly related to the aspects like customer satisfaction and value. In fact the main ‘purpose of supply chain management is improving customer satisfaction and value’ which is the main aim of a business organisation (Mentzer, 2001). Any sup ply chain is consisted of five main areas which are production, inventory, transportation, information and location. The effectiveness and efficiency of a company’s supply chain is dependent on the effectiveness and efficiency of these five areas. This paper focuses on two of these five factors, production and inventory. These two areas are analyzed in the context of Toyota which is one of those rare companies that are global renowned for their supply chain management. The paper provides a clear idea about the Toyota’s production system as well as its inventory management system. Moreover it also shows the way in which Toyota has identified and dealt with the capacities and limitations of its production system and inventory system. Production and inventory are two of the most fundamental concepts in the field of business operations. At the present business environment which is intensely competitive, efficient and effective production system as well as inventory system is the key